Baker s oven



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C. LIENHARD.

BAKERS OVEN Patented Feb. ,5, 1895.

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UNrTnD STATES PATENT einen.

CHARLES LIENHARD, OF NEWARK, NEIV JERSEY.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION vforming part of Letters Patent No. 533,715, dated February 5, 189 5. Application rita myst, 1394. seria No. 518,066. (No man.)

To all whom it may concern:

Ie it known that I, CHRLES LIENHARD, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of NewA Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, refcrence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specilication.

My invention has reference to various improvements in bakers ovens, and relates more particularly to the peculiar arrangements of the heat flues for conducting the heat to the top and the bottom ot'l the oven and imparting a uniform heat to said parts.

The invention therefore consists of the iinproved oven herein shown, and in certain minor features of construction and combinations of parts, such as will be hereinafter more fully described and finallyjembodied in the clauses ot' the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying sheets of drawings, in which similar letters of reference are employed to indicate like parts in each of the several views.

Figure l is a front view et the oven, and Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the oven, taken on line 3 3 in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a similar section, taken on line 4-4 in said Fig. 2; and Fig. is alike section, taken on line 5-5 in the same ligure. Fig. 6 is la vertical cross section taken on line G- in Fig. 4, and Fig. 7 is a detail vertical longitudinal section, taken on line 7-7 in said Fig. 4.

In said drawings, a. indicates the fire place of a bakers oven, provided with the grate aand ash-pit c2. Suitable doors h and b, see Fig. 1, are employed in the front to close said parts. The lire-place, as will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3 extends toward the rear of the oven, being provided on the opposite sides with Walls c3, forming hot air ducts or iiues a". Openings a5 and a5 establish communication between said fireplace and the said fines, and the hot air and products of combastion will pass in the direction of the arrows shown in said Fig. 3, through fines al and as into chambers c and c', separated from the baking'chamber d, by the arched roof or Wall d', as Will be seen from Figs. 2 and 6.

The products of combustion and hot air coming from the'iire place a, through the ver tical fiues a? and a8, pass through the duets or fines c2 and c3, see Fig. 4, to the back Wall of the oven,where the gases and the hot airare deflected and forced through openings c4 in a wall c5 and are equally distributed over the' entire surface of the chambers c and c. This gives a constant and uniform heat both below and above the baking chamber d, and bread or cake can be better baked and in less time than is usual.

The dotted lines e and e', see Fig. 4, indicate the positions of exhaust iiues in the top of the oven, provided with suitable dempers e2 and e3 which can be opened to permit the escape of the gases and smoke into the chimney connected with the oven.

As will be seen from Figs. 4, 5 and 6, in the iiues c2 and c3, I have arranged openings c6 and c7, which extend downwardly in the side Walls of the oven, forming the dues a9 and d10. These lines terminate directly above the damper plates f and f operated by the handies f2, see Fig. 5, and cover the holes d2 and cl3 in the arch d4, as will be clearly seen from Fig. 6. Directly back of each opening c(i and c7, there is a slight projection cs, and the hot air, which naturally carries tine particles of ashes and dust with it, coming through said fines c2 and c3, will strike said projections cs. The ashes are thus arrested in their passage through said fines and are deflected down- Wardly into said openings c and cl, passing through said ilues d and am and landing, either upon the damper platesf andf when closed, or passing directly down into the holes d2 and di into the back of the ash-pit, when said dempers are open. By this arrangement the dust and line particles of ashes are prevented from collecting in the back of the chambers c and c' behind the Wall c5, thereby obstructing the passage of the het air and combustion gases into said chambers c and c'. Furthermore, it will be seen that by the arrangement of the dampersf and f the open ings d2 and d3 can be closed to prevent the gases, die., from the tire place getting into the baking chamber.

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One great advantage is that by my construction of .bakers oven the heat is forced to all parts above and helowthe baking chamber, thereby thoroughly and'properly heat- 5 ing each part thereof, Without any cool spaces.

In Fig. l, h2 indicates the ordinary door over the opening leading into the-baking chamber d, and b3 is the ordinary gas burner commonlyexnployed in connection with bak- Io ers7 ovens.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is Y 1. The combination, in a bakers oven, of a tire place, having walls a3 and fines a4, up-

15 right finesV extending through the baking chamber, and chambers c and c above said baking chamber, ducts or hues czand c3, with which said upright fines connect, a deecting Wall c5 having openings therein, and fines a9 zo `and am connecting said iues c2 and o3 with the baking chamber, substantially as and for the pnnposes set forth.

2. The combinatiomin a bakersovemof a fire place, having Walls co3 and fines @4,119-

25 right fines extending through the 'baking chamber, and chambers c and c above said baking chamber, ducts or fines c2 and c3, with which said upright fines connect, a defiecting Wall c5 having openings therein, lnes a9 and 3o al@ connecting said fines c2 and c3 with the extending through the baking chamber, ducts or hues c2 and c3, with which said upright Y fines connect., and fines a9 and ai connecting said fines c2 and c3 with the baking chamber, substantially as and for the pu rposes set forth.

4. The combination, in a bakers oven, of a fire place having Walls a3 and a, upright fines extending through the baking chamber, ducts or fines c2 and c3, with which "said upright ues connect, fines c and al@ connecting said fines c2V and crwitht'hebaking chain'- ber, openings Z2 and d3 in the dividing Walt between kthe baking chamber and the tire place, and dampers over said openings, snbstantially asand for the pnrposesset forth.

In testimony that I claim atheinvention set fort-h above I have hereunto set lnyhand this 17th tlay of July, 1894-.

CHARLES LIEN HARD.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, WM. H. CAMFIELD, Jr. 

